Can a Minor Be Tried as an Adult in Pennsylvania?
When a child or teenager is charged with a serious crime, one of the first questions parents ask is:
“Can my child be tried as an adult in Pennsylvania?”
The answer depends on the child’s age, the nature of the charges, and how Pennsylvania’s laws handle juvenile vs. adult court systems. Here’s what you need to know if your family is facing this situation.
How Juvenile vs. Adult Courts Work in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania has two separate systems:
Juvenile Court: Focuses on rehabilitation, education, and second chances rather than harsh punishment.
Adult Criminal Court: Handles cases with the full weight of the criminal justice system, including jail or prison sentences.
Most minors stay in juvenile court, but in certain circumstances, their case can move to adult court.
When Can a Minor Be Tried as an Adult in Pennsylvania?
Under Pennsylvania law, minors can be tried as adults if:
They are 14 or older and charged with certain serious offenses (like robbery with a deadly weapon, aggravated assault, or other violent crimes).
They are automatically charged as adults for the most severe crimes, including murder.
This process is often called “direct file” or “transfer” to adult court.
Factors Judges Consider
When deciding whether a case stays in juvenile court or moves to adult court, judges may look at:
The seriousness of the offense
The minor’s age and maturity level
Any prior juvenile record
Whether rehabilitation in the juvenile system seems possible
Public safety concerns
What It Means if a Minor Is Tried as an Adult
If a minor’s case is moved to adult court:
They face adult penalties if convicted
A criminal record could follow them for life
Prison time becomes a real possibility
However, Pennsylvania allows some cases to be transferred back to juvenile court through a process called decertification if the defense can show rehabilitation is possible.
Can These Records Be Sealed or Expunged?
In some situations, juvenile records can be sealed or expunged after certain requirements are met. But if a minor is convicted in adult court, expungement becomes much harder, another reason why legal representation is critical early on.
Why You Need a Criminal Defense Lawyer
Cases involving minors are complex and move quickly. An experienced Pennsylvania criminal defense lawyer can:
Fight to keep the case in juvenile court whenever possible
Build a strong defense if the case moves forward in adult court
Explain options for appeals, decertification, or record sealing
Bottom Line
Yes, minors can be tried as adults in Pennsylvania under certain circumstances. If your child is facing serious charges, getting legal help immediately can protect their future and give them the best chance at a second chance.
At Sutton & Lovette Law Offices, we handle both juvenile and adult criminal defense cases with skill and compassion.
Contact us today to discuss your child’s case and next steps.
